题目链接:Simplify Path

Given an absolute path for a file (Unix-style), simplify it.

For example,

path = “/home/”, => “/home”

path = “/a/./b/../../c/”, => “/c”

Corner Cases:

  • Did you consider the case where path = “/../”?
    In this case, you should return “/”.
  • Another corner case is the path might contain multiple slashes ‘/’ together, such as “/home//foo/”.
    In this case, you should ignore redundant slashes and return “/home/foo”.

这道题的要求是简化一个Unix风格下的文件的绝对路径。

字符串处理,由于”..”是返回上级目录(如果是根目录则不处理),因此可以考虑用栈记录路径名,以便于处理。需要注意几个细节:

  1. 重复连续出现的’/’,只按1个处理,即跳过重复连续出现的’/’;
  2. 如果路径名是”.”,则不处理;
  3. 如果路径名是”..”,则需要弹栈,如果栈为空,则不做处理;
  4. 如果路径名为其他字符串,入栈。

最后,再逐个取出栈中元素(即已保存的路径名),用’/’分隔并连接起来,不过要注意顺序呦。

时间复杂度:O(n)

空间复杂度:O(n)

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class Solution
{
public:
    string simplifyPath(string path)
    {
        stack<string> ss; // 记录路径名
        for(int i = 0; i < path.size(); )
        {
            // 跳过斜线'/'
            while(i < path.size() && '/' == path[i])
                ++ i;
            // 记录路径名
            string s = "";
            while(i < path.size() && path[i] != '/')
                s += path[i ++];
            // 如果是".."则需要弹栈,否则入栈
            if(".." == s && !ss.empty())
                ss.pop();
            else if(s != "" && s != "." && s != "..")
                ss.push(s);
        }
        // 如果栈为空,说明为根目录,只有斜线'/'
        if(ss.empty())
            return "/";
        // 逐个连接栈里的路径名
        string s = "";
        while(!ss.empty())
        {
            s = "/" + ss.top() + s;
            ss.pop();
        }
        return s;
    }
};